Author: Topo Law Firm Istanbul

The founding attorney of Topo Law Firm, Attn. Serdar Han TOPO completed his law undergraduate education at Istanbul University. Serdar Han TOPO, who has more than 500+ articles on the internet about informatics law, real estate law, family law and criminal law; It offers services from legal consultancy to mediation and the follow-up of the most complicated cases in the specified areas. All articles on our site belong to Topo Law Firm and quotations can only be made by giving an active link to the source.

Turkish Patent Attorney

Posted by Topo Law Firm Istanbul on

Turkish patent attorney provides legal consultancy to inventors during the patenting process of inventions or extends the patent period. A patent is one of the intellectual property rights. It provides temporary and regional protection to its owner.

With the industrial revolution, the importance of industrial property rights is increasing. One of the ways to protect these rights is through patents for technical inventions.

In this article, we will talk about the patent, patent application conditions, the scope of work of the patent lawyer, and the services of Turkish patent attorney at Topo Law Firm in Istanbul Turkey.

Do not leave the our Turkish patent attorney article for detailed information about the subject!

Patent Rights in Turkey

Patent is a right provided for inventions that meet the conditions in the legislation. Only inventions with a technical aspect are patented. In order for an invention to be granted a patent certificate, it must meet the conditions of protection. The protection conditions required to obtain a patent certificate and all other patent-related issues are regulated under the Industrial Property Law.

There are many types of patents. For example, method patent, dependent patent, supplemental patent, confidential patent, drug patent, biotechnology patent, method of doing business patent, computer program patent.

Protection conditions are included in Article 82/1 of the Industrial Property Law. According to this article, in order for an invention to receive a patent certificate, it must meet the following conditions:

  • Novelty: The invention for which the patent application has been filed must not have been made public anywhere in the world before the filing date. The invention technique for which a patent application will be made should not be included in the existing techniques.
  • Invention Step: It is checked by a skilled person whether the known state of the technique is exceeded.
  • Industrial Applicability: The invention must be a technical one. There is no patentable innovation if the invention does not solve a technical problem. In addition, it must be industrially applicable.

The right to request a patent belongs to the inventor or his successors. The first person applying for a patent has the right to request a patent until proven otherwise.

The right to request a patent, the filing of a patent application, the registration, and the acquisition of the patent right at the end require a detailed and long procedure. After all the procedural procedures are carried out and registration is obtained from the Turkish Patent Institute, the patent right provides 20 years of protection. In addition, the patent certificate grants the owner some powers arising from the patent right.

Turkish Patent Attorney

Turkish patent attorney is a lawyer who provides legal support to patent applicants in all the difficult and detailed processes related to obtaining a patent certificate. Lawyers specializing in intellectual property law are called patent attorneys. However, in fact, there is no distinction in the law called a “patent lawyer“.

It would be beneficial to get legal consultancy from a Turkish patent attorney about the process of obtaining a patent, whether the invention is patentable, and whether the protection conditions are met. In addition, in cases of usurpation of the patent application right, registration process, national, regional, and international applications, and violation of the patent right, getting legal advice from a Turkish patent attorney will speed up the process.

Topo Law Firm as a Turkish Patent Lawyer

The Topo Law Firm provides services as a Turkish patent attorney. It has been providing legal consultancy to domestic and foreign clients in disputes in the field of intellectual property law since 2015. We provide legal assistance to our clients in the legal proceedings necessary for the acquisition of patent rights, which is one of the industrial property rights, and enable them to complete the application process in the most effective and fastest way.

The team at Topo Law Firm consists of experienced, dynamic Turkish patent attorneys who are experts in intellectual property law. They have experience in the process of obtaining a patent, determining whether the invention is patentable and whether the protection conditions are met. In addition, they have full knowledge of all the details of the patenting process.

Conclusion About Turkish Patent Attorney

The patent right, which is one of the industrial rights, provides 20 years of protection to the inventor if the conditions of the industrial property law are met. Since it is very easy to imitate and steal intellectual products, it is extremely important to apply these protection methods for the protection of the invention.

The processes of filing a patent application form and obtaining registration are quite long and detailed. In these processes, deficiencies in documents and transactions affect the registration negatively. Therefore, it would be in your best interest to get legal support from a Turkish patent attorney during the patent process.

Topo Law Firm is a law firm in Istanbul provides legal consultancy to its domestic and foreign clients in all kinds of disputes, from patent applications to registration and patent infringement cases.

You can contact us to get legal advice from the experienced Turkish patent attorney of Topo Law Firm or to get more detailed information on the subject.

FAQ About Turkish Patent Attorney

1. How much is a patent attorney?

Consultancy fees for lawyers are determined by official authorities every year. An evaluation is made of the determined amount. You can contact us for more detailed information.

2. What if my invention is already patented?

Before applying for a patent, it would be in your best interest to examine the previously obtained patents in the field you will apply for. You can examine the previously registered inventions by making use of the Turkish Patent Institute service.

3. How long does it take to become a patent lawyer?

After graduating from the law faculty of universities, it is necessary to complete a lawyer internship and get a lawyer’s license. After obtaining a lawyer’s license, he can become a Turkish patent attorney by working in the field of intellectual property law.

Criminal Defense Attorney

Posted by Topo Law Firm Istanbul on

Criminal defense attorney is a very important subject in terms of exercising the right of defense in criminal cases during the investigation and prosecution phase. People suspected of a crime should get legal support from a criminal defense attorney to protect their rights and freedoms.

The protection of the right to defense and the right to a fair trial is one of the most important goals of the judicial system. A criminal defense attorney in Turkey is not mandatory for all cases, but it is obligatory to seek legal assistance from a dcriminal defense attorney for some crimes in the Turkish penal code.

In this article, we will talk about the defense attorney, the situations in which the defense attorney Turkey is mandatory, and the other things you need.

Criminal Defense Attorney

The criminal defense attorney has an important role in criminal procedure. The criminal defense attorney may be appointed directly by a person under suspicion of crime or may be appointed by the bar association. There is a distinction between optional defense and mandatory defense. According to the statement made in the Turkish Penal Code, the suspect or accused may receive legal assistance from one or more defense attorneys at every stage of the investigation or prosecution.

A defense attorney is there to do social defense.. The crimes in the Turkish penal code are evaluated within the scope of the defense lawyer’s work. For detailed information on Turkish criminal law, you can check out our publications on criminal law.

International crimes, crimes against life, crimes against bodily immunity, torture, crimes against freedom, crimes against family order, cyber crimes, crimes against the constitutional order and many other types of crimes are regulated in the Turkish Penal Code.

Defense counsel focuses on protecting the rights of defendants and helping them create defenses that mitigate the negative consequences of arrest. The criminal defense attorney has certain duties. These duties and responsibilities are:

  • The criminal defense attorney can examine the documents related to the file at every stage of the investigation.
  • He must be present at the suspect’s side during the deposition, interrogation, hearings, and all other stages of the investigation and prosecution.
  • He always has the authority to talk and correspond with his client without any restrictions.
  • He can resort to legal remedies when necessary.

Mandatory Criminal Defense Attorney

In some cases specified in the law, the presence of a defense attorney is obligatory. In these cases, the suspect or accused may either authorize the defense attorney himself or may request the appointment of a defense attorney from the court.

  • If the suspect or accused is a child, disabled, deaf or mute,
  • If the suspect or accused crime is one of the crimes that requires a prison sentence of more than five years,
  • If the suspect or the accused is taken under observation, referred for arrest, extended arrest warrant, or removed from the courtroom where the accused is fugitive.

The criminal defense attorney will be appointed by the bar association in cases

Topo Law Firm as Criminal Defense Attorney

Topo Law Firm is a criminal defense attorney law firm in Istanbul. Since its establishment in 2015, Topo Law Firm has been providing legal consultancy to its domestic and foreign clients with the help of its expert criminal lawyers. Our team consists of defense attorneys with expert knowledge in the field of criminal law.

You can contact us to get detailed information about any of the crime types in criminal law or to get information about the process from Topo Law Firm‘s expert, experienced, and dynamic criminal defense attorney in the field of criminal law.

Conclusion About the Criminal Defense Attorney

A criminal defense attorney is among the subjects that people who are tried on suspicion of a crime frequently investigate. The fact that criminal law prescribes sanctions that restrict a person’s freedom increases the importance of defense. In criminal proceedings, the suspect or the accused is the individual defense authority, while the defense attorney is referred to as the social defense authority.

People who are defense attorneys are required to have an in-depth knowledge of the criminal law. In addition, the European Convention on Human Rights and the decisions of the European Court of Human Rights should also be mastered. The fact that criminal proceedings are detailed and require expertise means that the number of criminal defense attorney is low.

Since its establishment in 2015, Topo Law Firm has been serving its domestic and foreign clients with its defense attorney team. If you are one of those people who are looking for a defense attorney in Istanbul or a defense attorney near me, you can contact us to get detailed information from Topo Law Firm’s expert, experienced, and dynamic criminal defense attorneys in the field of criminal law.

FAQ About Criminal Defense Attorney

1. How can I reach a criminal defense attorney near me?

To get legal consultancy from the defense attorney team of Topo Law Firm, you can reach us from all over the world by filling out the form on our website.

2. Can the defense attorney go to trial for me?

Whether you have a criminal defense attorney or not, you have to go to court.

3. How to be a defense attorney

After graduating from the law faculty of universities, it is necessary to complete a lawyer internship and get a lawyer’s license. After obtaining a lawyer’s license, he can become a criminal defense attorney by working in the field of criminal law.

Turkish Real Estate Lawyer

Posted by Topo Law Firm Istanbul on

Turkish real estate lawyer is one of the important subjects of the judicial system. At the same time, it is also one of the most researched topics by foreigners.

Buying real estate by foreigners in Turkey has become very popular lately. The first stop for foreigners who buy real estate in Turkey is the Turkish real estate attorney.

Due to the fact that real estate law has a wide range of regulations, including detailed regulations, real estate buyers receive legal advice from real estate lawyers.

In this article, we will discuss real estate law, Turkish real estate lawyer and other related topics. If you want to provide information about Turkish real estate lawyer keep reading.

Turkish Real Estate Law

The Turkish Civil Code‘s fairly extensive law of property book governs most aspects of real estate law. Furthermore, there are several particular real estate rules and regulations. There are some legal disputes and cases that are related to real estate law.

Real estate law covers, lands, apartments, homes, easement rights associated with them, and other topics covered by real estate law. It is a vast area of law that covers all aspects of real estate. Expropriation lawsuits, rental cases linked to real estate (lease cases), and the eradication of shared ownership actions relating to real estate are all examples of title deed cases.

In title deeds, disputes such as land registration rectification and cancellation are settled. The impact of a Turkish real estate lawyer in Istanbul on these instances is significant.

A detinue (remuneration) case is a lawsuit that is brought when an immovable property is unlawfully held by a third party and the immovable owner’s property rights are violated.

Expropriation actions are carried out by the state or public entities by purchasing private law persons’ immovable property. Expropriation cases are used to resolve disputes over public property.

Another real estate law matter is the dissoliton of a partnership. In this case, where more than one person is a partner on the immovable, a case is filed for the dissolution of the partnership. As a result of the case for the joint ownership. As a result of this case, one person buys the ownership of the immovable, other partners receive a price in proportion to their shares.

Turkish Real Estate Attorney

The Turkish civil code property law book, in which the provisions of Turkish property law are regulated, is quite detailed and complex. The complexity of the provisions makes it difficult to understand by non-lawyers. Therefore, it will be very useful to get legal advice from a Turkish real estate attorney in real estate law disputes or transactions related to real estate law.

The scope of work of the Turkish real estate attorney is quite extensive. They are lawyers who have expert knowledge in all disputes related to the above-mentioned real estate law, such as expropriation lawsuits, rental cases linked to real estate (lease cases), and the eradication of shared ownership actions relating to real estate, etc.

Topo Law Firm as Turkish Real Estate Lawyer

Turkish real estate lawyer of Topo Law Firm have expert knowledge in the field of real estate law. Topo Law Firm, established in 2015, has been providing legal consultancy in the field of real estate law to its foreign clients since its establishment. Our team, which has a good command of the comprehensive and detailed provisions of real estate law, consists of experienced Turkish real estate lawyer with expert knowledge in this field.

You can contact us by filling out the form on our page to get information about a legal problem related to real estate law or to get consultancy from our Turkish real estate lawyer team who are experts in their fields.

Turkish real estate lawyer of Topo Law Firm, who are experts in the field of real estate law, will evaluate the form you have sent, and will return to you within 24 hours with the information you need.

FAQ About Turkish Real Estate Lawyer

1. Do real estate lawsuits take a long time in Turkey?

It varies according to the subject of the case. It takes a relatively long time compared to other types of lawsuits.

2. How can I reach a Turkish real estate attorney near me?

You can easily contact Topo Law Firm’s Turkish real estate attorney by filling out the form.

3. Does Turkish Real Estate Lawyer compulsory in real estate cases?

No, it is not obligatory to get legal support from an Turkish real estate lawyer. However, this will have consequences in your favor in the case.

Family Law Attorney

Posted by Topo Law Firm Istanbul on

Family law attorney is a lawyer who provides legal support in all disputes within the scope of family law. Today, it is one of the areas where legal disputes are seen the most. The fact that the scope is broad and family law disputes are very generalized increases the need for a family law attorney.

Since the family is the cornerstone of society, conflicts related to family law are conflicts that directly affect society. This highlights the importance of family law lawyers.

In this article, we discuss family law issues and the importance of the Turkish family law attorney. If you want to provide detailed information about Turkish family law or if you are looking for a Turkish family law attorney, stay with us and keep reading.

Turkish Family Law

Turkish Family Law is regulated by the Turkish Civil Code. It examines the issues of engagement, marriage, general provisions of marriage, divorce, marital property regime, parentage, trusteeship, and other related matters.

There are some disputes that may arise in engagement, which is one of the subjects of family law. The invalidity of the engagement, the termination of the engagement, the material and moral indemnity claims regarding the termination of the engagement, the return of gifts, etc.

The existence of marriage conditions, the validity of the marriage, the conditions of the form of marriage, the obstacles to marriage, the invalidity of the marriage, the termination of the marriage, the surname of the married woman, the marriage residence, and the acquisition of citizenship through marriage are the matters that arise in this field too.

The management of spouses’ assets, participation acquisitions, property separation, and property partnership are the topics of disputes related to the marital property regime.

Last of all, establishment of descent between child and mother or father, denial of paternity, establishment of lineage through recognition, and adoption are the parentage disputes.

Turkish Family Law Attorney

The Turkish family law attorney deals with all these disputes listed above related to Turkish family law. It is also beneficial to consult a family lawyer in order to get a fair solution to divorce and any legal situations that may arise due to divorce. In the preparation of property regime contracts, in marriage issues, paternity issues, etc.

Because family law issues are related to public order, the legislator has regulated them in detail and included comprehensive provisions.It is not obligatory to seek legal advice from a Turkish family law attorney in family law disputes. However, in order to reach a fair result, it would be beneficial to seek legal assistance from a family law lawyer.

Topo Law Firm as Turkish Family Law Attorney

Topo Law Firm has been providing services with its family law attorney team since its establishment in 2015. The clients of Topo Law Firm consist of national and international people from different parts of the world.

Our team consists of expert, dynamic family law attorneys who have experience in all legal disputes related to family law, such as engagement, marriage, divorce, marital property regime, paternity, etc.

In order to resolve disputes on such important and detailed family law matters, it is necessary to provide legal support from a Turkish family law attorney who is an expert in this field. If you have a question about Turkish family law or if you are looking for a Turkish family attorney, you can contact us.

FAQ About Turkish Family Law Attorney

1. How long does a divorce take in Turkey?

The duration of divorce cases varies according to the reasons for divorce and the type of divorce case. For more detailed information on this subject, you can contact our Turkish divorce attorney teammates.

2. How can I reach a Turkish family law attorney near me, family lawyers near me?

You can contact Topo Law Firm’s Turkish family law attorney by filling out the form or by one of the contact ways.

3. Is a Turkish family law attorney compulsory in cases that are related to family law matters?

No, a family law attorney is not required in family law cases. However, providing legal support from a Turkish family law attorney is extremely important to protect the interests of the parties and achieve fair conclusions.

Turkish Divorce Attorney

Posted by Topo Law Firm Istanbul on

Turkish divorce attorney is a popular search term these days. Nowadays, contested and uncontested divorce cases increase the demand for Turkish divorce attorneys from national and international clients. It is significant to get legal consultation from a Turkish divorce attorney, especially in marriages between people who have different nationalities.

Divorce in Turkish domestic law is regulated in the Turkish Civil Law, Family Law Section. It is one of the most important issues related to family law. The legal consequences of divorce are also examined in the Turkish Civil Code.

In this article, we provide information about the provisions of divorce, such as dissolution of marriage, the role of a Turkish divorce attorney in divorce cases, and all the other information you need regarding them. If you want to get detailed information about Turkish divorce attorney, stay with us and keep reading.

Divorce Regulations in Turkish Civil Law

Divorce is one way of dissolving a marriage. It is regulated in the family section of the Turkish Civil Code. Some general and specific regulations are regulated in TCC. For some reasons, marriage is dissolved by the decision of the judge. Reasons such as adultery, unreasonable behavior, maltreatment, physical violence, or attempts to kill, are among the special grounds for divorce. If you want to get information about the reasons for divorce, you can read our publications.

In addition to the reasons for divorce, there are some provisions and consequences related to divorce. These provisions and results are also decided upon during and after the divorce case. Cases for pecuniary and non-pecuniary damages, custody of the joint child, alimony, property regime, surname of the divorced woman, consequences in terms of inheritance law, consequences arising in terms of procedural law and many other provisions are among the consequences of divorce.

Another issue regarding the divorce process is multinational marriages. In the dissolution of multinational marriages, applicable law is determined by the private international law rules. There is a difference between an uncontested divorce and a contested divorce.

Spouses who want to dissolve a marriage can divorce by agreement, depending on the necessity of the situation. In terms of these two different paths, different processes will take place. At this point, getting legal consultation from a Turkish divorce attorney will be extremely effective and beneficial for you.

Turkish Divorce Attorney

The Turkish divorce attorney has a significant effect on multinational divorce cases and the fulfillment of the demands regarding the legal consequences of termination of multinational marriages. In the case of an uncontested divorce, the arrangement of the divorce agreement in a way that protects the interests of the parties is a contract that needs to be drawn up by a divorce attorney who requires extreme expertise.

In the case of a contested divorce, proof of the circumstances shown as the reason for the divorce is required. In such cases, the influence of a Turkish divorce attorney who knows the intricacies of the divorce legislation is great.

Another issue regarding divorce is the provisions related to it. In the divorce case, claims for pecuniary and non-pecuniary damages, participation and alimony, participation in common goods, surname of the woman, post-divorce status of the marriage, and many other issues are resolved in the divorce case.

It is very difficult to come to a fair conclusion in divorce cases and provisions regarding divorce where the parties’ conflicts of interest are intense. At this point, the influence of a Turkish divorce attorney who specializes in their field is high.

Topo Law Firm as Turkish Divorce Attorney

Topo Law Firm, as a Turkish divorce attorney, has been providing legal support to its domestic and foreign clients in divorce cases since its establishment in 2015. Termination of multinational marriages and the consequences of divorce may seem simple, but in practice, the process is complicated. Divorce is one of the types of cases in which the conflicts of mutual interests between spouses are most common. A Turkish divorce attorney has a great effect on achieving a fair result in divorce cases.

Conclusion About Turkish Divorce Attorney

Divorce, which is one of the significant issues in family law, is also the most common method of dissolution of marriage. It is important that the divorce takes place fairly and that the consequences of the divorce are determined in accordance with the interests of the parties.

The fact that all matters related to divorce have a detailed and complex arrangement necessitates the presence of a divorce attorney. In the event of an uncontested divorce, the presence of a Turkish divorce attorney has an important effect on establishing the most fair agreement between the spouses.

Topo Law Firm has been providing legal consultancy to its clients for years with its expert and experienced Turkish divorce attorney team in Istanbul. If you are looking for a Turkish divorce attorney in the near future, or if you want to get detailed information about divorce and the legal consequences of divorce, you can contact a Turkish divorce attorney who is an expert by simply contact us.

FAQ About Turkish Divorce Attorney

1. Is it easy to get divorce in Turkey?

Divorce provisions regulated in the Turkish Civil Code are not complicated.

2. How long does a divorce take in Turkey?

The duration of divorce cases varies according to the reasons for divorce and the type of divorce case. For more detailed information on this subject, you can contact our Turkish divorce attorney teammates.

3. How can I reach a Turkish divorce attorney near me?

You can contact Topo Law Firm’s Turkish divorce lawyer by filling out the form.

4. Is a Turkish divorce attorney compulsory in divorce cases?

No, a divorce attorney is not required in divorce cases. However, getting legal help from a Turkish divorce attorney is extremely important to protect the interests of the parties.

Corporation Lawyer

Posted by Topo Law Firm Istanbul on

Corporation lawyer is a lawyer who oversees all legal proceedings within a company and provides legal advice to companies. Corporation Lawyer can provide legal consultancy to all types of companies included in the Turkish commercial law. In joint stock companies, it is obligatory to have a corporation lawyer and to get legal consultancy.

Many legal transactions within the company are carried out by corporation lawyer in Istanbul. In this way, the legal settlement of the disputes arising as a result of the transactions made by the companies and the execution of the transactions that the companies have not yet made in accordance with the law are realized through them.

In this article, we’ll talk about the corporation lawyer, their workplace, and all the other information you need about them. If you want to get detailed information about that, you can read our article.

Corporation Lawyer’s Scope of Work

Corporation lawyer is person who has knowledge and experience in the fields of commercial law, tax law, labor law, law of obligations.

All legal processes, from the transactions carried out during the establishment of the company to the liquidation of the company, are carried out by the company lawyer. In this context,

  • To provide guidance on creating the company agreement and making changes in this agreement
  • Executing litigation related to company management,
  • Providing the client with the necessary information on issues related to stocks, securities and bonds and following up on lawsuits related to these issues,
  • To supervise the administration of the company in accordance with the Capital Market Law,
  • Adapting the company to these changes by following the latest changes in Commercial Law,
  • Carrying out the execution proceedings on behalf of the company,
  • Protecting the rights of the parties in labor law disputes arising between the company and the workers is one of the main duties of the company lawyer.

Topo Law Firm as Corporation Lawyer

Topo Law Firm has been acting as Turkish corporation lawyer for many legal entity clients serving in different sectors, since its establishment in 2015. The team of Topo Law Firm is company lawyers with expert knowledge in the fields of commercial law, law of obligations, tax law, employment law. We continue to provide legal consultancy to our domestic and foreign clients in all disputes arising in the field of company law, with our team of corporation lawyer who have detailed knowledge of different disciplines of law.

Conclusion About Corporation Lawyer

With the concept of legal entity that emerged in the Middle Ages, the foundation of corporate attorney ship was also laid. Before the concept of legal person and the formation of companies, lawyers only served to protect real persons. With the emergence of legal persons and companies, companies have started to protect their rights by corporation lawyer in Turkey.

Situations such as companies taking legal action, incurring a debt, being sued require a company lawyer. Many transactions, such as the establishment of the company, the preparation of the company’s founding agreement, the merger, division, the change of trade partnerships, the management of the internal and external relations of the company, the capital increase and capital decrease, the tax law of the company, the management of the relations between the workers and the company are managed by them

With the increase in the number of companies, the need for a corporation lawyer is also increasing. Topo Law Firm is one of the few corporation lawyer in Istanbul. You can contact us to get detailed information about the working area of that and to get legal advice from our expert team.

FAQ About Turkish Corporation Lawyer

1. What is a corporate attorney called?

Company lawyers are also known as legal advisors.

2. What is the difference between lawyer and corporate lawyer?

The corporation lawyer handles all the transactions that take place within the company, from the establishment of a company to its liquidation. It does not only deal with the legal disputes that arise, but also makes the transactions.

3. Is corporation lawyer obligatory for all types of companies?

No, the corporation lawyer is only required for the type of joint stock company. However, it is beneficial for other types of companies to work with a company lawyer so that there is no defect or mistake in their legal transactions.

Criminal Lawyer

Posted by Topo Law Firm Istanbul on

Criminal lawyer is the lawyer who defends the complainant or the defense counsel during the trial process. İt is needed in order to conduct the investigation and trial process in a fair and lawful manner. Turkish Criminal lawyer is one of the subjects of the trial, and a trial without it, is unthinkable.

It is one of the basic rights of individuals to receive legal assistance from a Criminal lawyer in Turkey. A good defense is of great importance as criminal cases are cases where people are accused of crimes, punishments are given when necessary, and freedom is restricted. On the other hand, in some criminal cases, a criminal defense lawyer is obligatory.

In this article, we’ll cover the nature of criminal cases, their importance, and many other details you need regarding criminal law. If you are looking for a criminal lawyer Istanbul, if you want to get detailed information about that, stay with us and keep reading.

Criminal Law

Criminal law is one of the fields of Turkish public law. It is a field based on the principle of punishing people for their criminal acts. When the Criminal Law is examined in a narrow sense, it only deals with the crimes and the sanctions to be applied to them, when considered in a broad sense, it also covers the criminal procedure and execution besides these elements.

One of the basic principles of criminal law is the principle of legality in crime and punishment. According to the mentioned principle, an action that is not defined as a crime in the law cannot be punished with a penalty that is not included in the law. At this point, some sources are taken as the basis for the conduct of criminal proceedings. These resources are the constitution, international conventions, the Turkish Criminal Code, the Code of Criminal Procedure, relevant regulations and other resources.

Many types of crimes are regulated in the Turkish Criminal Code. International crimes, crimes against life, crimes against bodily immunity, torture, crimes against freedom, crimes against family order, cyber crimes, crimes against the constitutional order and many other types of crimes are regulated in the Turkish Criminal Code.

Various elements have been envisaged in order to impute these crimes. In the presence of these elements, a crime is deemed to have been committed. It is accepted with the presumption of innocence that if all elements of the crime are not provided by the perpetrator, the person will be deemed innocent.

Another principle of criminal law is the principle of proportionality. In accordance with the principle of proportionality, it is necessary to be proportional in crime and punishment. In order to be able to make this evaluation, the defense must also be strong. At this point, defense lawyers have a great importance.

Turkish Criminal Lawyer

Criminal lawyer is not a concept in Turkish criminal law legislation. It is essential that lawyers can provide all kinds of legal assistance. Therefore, as a rule, there is no branching of lawyers. In addition, there are lawyers who specialize in different branches of law. This is important for the delivery of justice.

Criminal lawyers are optional for some types of crimes in the law and are mandatory in the investigation and prosecution stages of some types of crimes. In cases where a Turkish criminal lawyer is required to be present, it is appointed by the state to the perpetrator under suspicion of crime.

The criminal lawyer should protect the material and moral rights of his client, who is under suspicion of crime, both during the investigation phase and the prosecution phase. A criminal defense lawyer should always inform his client of his legal rights. The attorney must make the necessary defense to reveal the concrete truth and must defend his/her client.

The court considers some factors when making an assessment between the lower and upper limits of the penalty specified in the law. Existence of unjust provocation, self-defense, commission of the crime with intent or negligence, intensity of intent, existence of reasons for reduction in punishment, effective remorse, are the matters taken into consideration in determining the punishment. These issues should be carefully examined by the criminal lawyer and presented to the court.

It is extremely beneficial to get legal advice and legal support from a criminal lawyer, even when it is not required. It is not possible for people who are unaware of their legal rights to fully defend themselves and, as a result, to make a fair decision. Therefore, the presence of a criminal lawyer is essential for a lawful and fair investigation and prosecution.

Topo Law Firm as Criminal Defense Lawyer

Topo Law Firm is a criminal lawyer office in Istanbul. Since its establishment in 2015, Topo Law Firm has been providing legal consultancy to its domestic and foreign clients with its expert criminal defense lawyers. Our team consists of criminal lawyers with expert knowledge in the field of criminal law.

You can contact us to get detailed information about any of the crime types in the criminal law or to get information about the process from Topo law firm’s expert, experienced and dynamic criminal lawyers in the field of criminal law.

Conclusion About Criminal Lawyer

Criminal cases are the branch of law in which a person is charged with a crime, punished in proportion to the crime committed at the end of the trial process, and restricting the freedom of the person. It is necessary to be very careful, as it is the area where the rights and freedoms of people are most interfered with. The most important subject of criminal proceedings is the defense, namely the criminal lawyer.

Persons who are criminal lawyers must have a great command of the legislation in order to fully protect the rights of their clients. It is literally a difficult profession. Topo Law Firm is one of the few criminal law firms that provides consultancy to its clients with its team of lawyers who have been working as criminal lawyer for years.

If you are one of those people who are looking for a criminal lawyer Istanbul or a criminal lawyers near me, you can contact Topo law firm’s criminal lawyer team and get detailed information and consultancy.

FAQ About Criminal Defense Lawyers

1. How to be a criminal lawyer?

Successfully graduating from the law faculties of universities is a must. After graduating from law school, it is necessary to complete the bar legal internship and obtain a lawyer’s license. After obtaining a lawyer’s license, one can become a criminal lawyer by working in the field of criminal law.

2. What does it take to be criminal lawyer?

To become a criminal lawyer, it takes 5 years to complete the training and internship described above.

3. Is it obligatory to get consultancy from a criminal lawyer in criminal cases?

In terms of some crime types in the Turkish Criminal Code, it is obligatory to have a criminal lawyer. If the person does not have the power to get legal support from a criminal lawyer, it  is appointed by the bar association.

Divorce Lawyer

Posted by Topo Law Firm Istanbul on

Divorce lawyer is one of the most needed lawyers in life. Today, the increase in both contested and uncontested divorce cases increases the demand for Turkish divorce lawyers. It is very important to get legal consultancy from a divorce lawyer because the parties are not aware of their legal rights and want to protect their interests with the divorce.

Divorce in Turkish domestic law is regulated in the Turkish civil law, family law section. It is one of the significant issues related to family law. The legal consequences of divorce are also examined in the Turkish Civil Code.

In this article, we will talk about divorce, the provisions of divorce, the role of a divorce lawyer in divorce cases, and all the other information you required regarding them. If you want to get detailed information about divorce lawyer in Istanbul, stay with us and keep reading.

Turkish Civil Law Divorce Regulations

Divorce is regulated by the provisions of the Turkish Civil Code. It is one of the forms of dissolution of marriage. There are general and specific reasons for divorce. In the presence of these reasons, the divorce can be realized by the decision of the judge. Reasons such as adultery, intent on life, severe ill-treatment, dishonorable behavior and abandonment are among the special grounds for divorce. For detailed information on the reasons for divorce, you can read our articles on the subject here.

In addition to the reasons for divorce, there are some provisions and consequences related to divorce. These provisions and results are also decided upon during and after the divorce case. Cases for pecuniary and non-pecuniary damages, custody, alimony, property regime, surname of the divorced woman, consequences in terms of inheritance law, consequences arising in terms of procedural law and many other provisions are among the consequences of divorce.

Another issue regarding the divorce process is the distinction between uncontested and contested divorce. Spouses at the stage of divorce can divorce by agreement or by agreement, depending on the necessity of the situation. In terms of these two different paths, different processes will take place. At this point, getting legal advice from a divorce lawyer will be extremely effective and beneficial.

Turkish Divorce Lawyer

Divorce lawyers have a significant impact on divorce cases and the fulfillment of the demands regarding the legal consequences of divorce. In the case of an uncontested divorce, the arrangement of the divorce agreement in a way that protects the interests of the parties is a contract that needs to be drawn up by divorce lawyers who require extreme expertise. In the case of a contested divorce, proof of the circumstances shown as the reason for the divorce is required. In such cases, the influence of divorce lawyers who know the intricacies of the divorce legislation is great.

Another issue regarding divorce is the provisions related to divorce. Claims for pecuniary and non-pecuniary damages, participation and alimony, participation in common goods, surname of the woman, post-divorce status of the marriage and many other issues are resolved in the divorce case.

It is very difficult to maintain a balance in divorce cases and provisions regarding divorce, where the conflict of interest of the parties is intense. At this point, the influence of divorce lawyer who is specialized in their field is quite large.

Topo Law firm as Divorce Lawyer

Topo Law Firm has been providing legal consultancy to its domestic and foreign clients in divorce disputes since its establishment in 2015. Divorce and the provisions and consequences of divorce may seem simple, but in practice, the results differ. Divorce is one of the types of cases in which the conflicts of mutual interests of the spouses are most common. Divorce lawyers have a great influence on achieving a fair result in divorce cases.

Conclusion About Divorce Attorney

Divorce, which is one of the most common issues of family law, is also the most common way of dissolution of marriage. It is important that the divorce takes place fairly and that the consequences of the divorce are determined in accordance with the interests of the parties.

The fact that all matters related to divorce have a detailed and complex arrangement necessitates the presence of a divorce lawyer. In the event of an uncontested divorce, the presence of a divorce lawyer has an essential effect on establishing the most fair agreement between the spouses.

Topo Law Firm has been providing legal consultancy to its clients for years with its expert and experienced divorce lawyer staff in Istanbul. If you are looking for best divorce lawyers near me, if you want to get detailed information about divorce and the legal consequences of divorce, you can contact us.

FAQ About Divorce Lawyer

1. Is it easy to get divorce in Turkey?

Divorce provisions regulated in the Turkish Civil Code are not complicated.

2. How long does a divorce take in Turkey?

The duration of divorce cases varies according to the reasons for divorce and the type of divorce case. For detailed information on this subject, you can contact our divorce lawyer teammates.

3. Is divorce lawyer compulsory in divorce cases?

No, a divorce lawyer is not required in divorce cases. However, getting legal help from a divorce lawyer is extremely important to protect the interests of the parties.

Cryptocurrency Lawyer

Posted by Topo Law Firm Istanbul on

Cryptocurrency lawyer’s specialty, is an application that developed after the emergence of blockchain technology. Cryptocurrencies, one of the newest products of developing technology and the changing world, are among the most popular topics of recent times.

Crypto money, which first appeared in 2009, has increased and gained in value at an incredible rate in the past 13 years. While bitcoin was the only cryptocurrency in 2009, the number of different cryptocurrencies has increased to 1600 today. The increase in the use of crypto money has increased the conflicts that arise as a result of the use of cryptocurrency. This situation increases the need for a crypto lawyer day by day.

In this article, we will discuss cryptocurrencies, Turkish cryptocurrency lawyer, and all the other information you require for a cryptocurrency lawyer. If you want to get information about cryptocurrency lawyer, stay with us and keep reading.

Cryptocurrency

Cryptocurrencies, which crypto lawyer is interested in, are a product of blockchain technology. Electronic money, cryptocurrencies, with a protection system we call cryptography, emerged in 2008 with an article published by a person named Satoshi Nakamoto. After the publication of this article, the first cryptocurrency, bitcoin, emerged in 2009. After the emergence of Bitcoin, different types of cryptocurrencies were developed using the same software.

Bitcoin is a very valuable cryptocurrency today. Cryptocurrencies, which are protected by a system called cryptography without being affiliated with any institution or state, have a supra-state structure due to this feature.

The inability of cryptocurrencies to be subject to government control has delayed and prevented states from making regulations on cryptocurrencies. Today, although there are countries that make regulations that officially accept and legalize crypto money, the majority has not yet been achieved.
The absence of legal regulations on cryptocurrencies makes it difficult to resolve disputes on this issue. At this point, the importance of crypto lawyer in Turkey who dominates both technological developments and legal regulations and conduct research on this subject is increasing.

Cryptocurrency Lawyer in Istanbul

The absence of legal regulations regarding the crypto money system makes the job of Turkish crypto lawyer difficult. At the same time, this situation causes the number of cryptocurrency attorney to be low. In order to resolve disputes that may arise regarding crypto money, first of all, lawyers must have a good command of technology. There should be a close interest in blockchain technology, criminology and other related technological developments. In addition, the legislation on technology law should be followed closely.

The development of technology and blockchain also affects the development of cryptocurrencies. On the one hand, it is very difficult for lawyers to follow and comprehend these developments and to follow the legal legislation on the other. For this reason, the number of cryptocurrency lawyer is very small.
Cryptocurrency lawyer who has a multidisciplinary working and thinking system, has a very important role in disputes arising from crypto money today

For those who are interested in crypto money, getting legal advice from a cryptocurrency attorney will protect their clients to some extent in this currently unclear area.

Topo Law Firm as Cryptocurrency Lawyer in Turkey

Since its establishment in 2015, Topo Law Firm is one of the rare law firms serving in the field of IT law with its multidisciplinary working discipline lawyers. Cryptocurrency lawyers of Topo Law Firm, who regularly follow technological developments, changes in the world of blockchain and crypto money, continue to provide consultancy to local and foreign clients.

Our crypto lawyers, who continue to develop themselves both in the field of IT law and in the field of technology, are one of the few lawyers in Istanbul to provide consultancy in this field. You can contact us to get detailed information about the subject from our expert, experienced, dynamic cryptocurrency lawyer teammates.

Conclusion About Crypto Lawyer

Blockchain technology, one of the last major products of the developing and changing world, has brought cryptocurrencies with it. It is very difficult to determine the legal status of cryptocurrencies, which are not legally recognized and legally regulated by most of the states in the world. At this point, cryptocurrency lawyers have great importance.

In order to resolve legal disputes that arise as a result of the use of crypto money, crypto lawyer must be experts with a multidisciplinary perspective. The number of lawyers who are both technologically advanced and legally competent is very low. One of the biggest problems today is that blockchain-based cryptocurrencies, which can be considered a new technological development, are not well known among lawyers.

In addition to all these, it is important to get legal advice from cryptocurrency lawyer for the protection of individuals in the world of crypto money, which is not legally recognized and has no law.
Do not forget to contact us for detailed information about the world of crypto money or to get consultancy from our cryptocurrency lawyers who are experts in the field.

FAQ About Cryptocurrency Attorney

1. Can I make my own cryptocurrency legal?

Yes, you can legally issue your own cryptocurrency as long as the blockchain technology and its rules are followed.

2. Is dealing in cryptocurrency legal?

Although there is no regulation regarding the use of cryptocurrencies, the use of cryptocurrencies is not prohibited. Therefore, the use of cryptocurrencies is legal today.

3. Can I sue crypto?

Yes, cryptocurrency disputes can be sued under various legal statuses in different legal systems. It would be in your best interest to get legal support from a cryptocurrency lawyer on this matter.

Turkey Company Formation

Posted by Topo Law Firm Istanbul on

Turkey company formation is frequently researched by both Turkish citizens and foreigners who want to carry out business activities. Turkey’s geopolitical position, advanced transportation facilities increase the air, land and sea trade activities. In addition, Turkey company formation that meets certain conditions also gives citizenship to foreigners.

All the above-mentioned, and much more reasons increase the number of foreigners who want to company formation Turkey day by day. Turkey company formation is an easy and fast way, it is also a detailed way with detailed procedures. Any deficiency in the Turkey company formation procedures prevents the establishment of the company. For this reason, it is useful to be meticulous in the procedure to be followed.

In these article, we will clarify all the information you need about Turkey company formation, company formation in Turkey cost step by step.

Turkey company formation is regulated in the Turkish Commercial Code articles. The law includes six types of companies. These types of companies are joint stock company, limited company, collective company, limited partnership, corporatize. These six company types divided into two parts which are capital companies and private companies.

Capital companies are Joint stock company, limited company and limited partnership. On the other hand, private companies are the ordinary limited partnership and collective companies. The provisions of capital companies and private companies and the responsibilities of shareholders are different from each other. If you want to get detailed information about each type of company formation Turkey you can check our articles in corporate and commercial law section that are about with these topics.

You can establish a company in a short time after the main procedures of Turkey company formation are completed.

Turkey Company Formation Steps

Establishment and Signing of the Company Agreement

Before the procedure to be followed for Turkey company formation, it is necessary to decide on the company name, its field of activity, the headquarters of the company, the capital and shares and the management of these shares. After all these details are clear, the company formation Turkey takes place through MERSIS, is an official site.

In order to enter MERSIS, first of all, foreigners who want the company formation Turkey must obtain a tax number from the tax office. After this tax number is registered in MERSIS , it is possible to enter MERSIS with the passport number.

The company contract, which is the first step of Turkey company formation, is prepared through MERSIS. In the system, you can make the contract in Turkish by entering the necessary information. After creating the company agreement, the founders have to sign the agreement. Whether the signatures really belong to the founders is verified by a competent authority.

For the verification of signatures, the founders or their authorized representatives must go to the relevant institution. This process is done at the trade registry office where the company headquarters is located for limited companies and cooperatives. For other companies, go to the trade registry office where the company headquarters is located or any notary public.

Signature Declaration of the Officials of the Company

The signatures of the persons authorized to represent the Turkey company formation under the company title are approved by the competent authority. Signature statements are issued on behalf of these persons. This process is carried out at any trade registry office in Turkey.

Required documents must be Notarized

There are documents required for the Turkey company formation. These documents must be completed, notarized and submitted to the registry office. Documents in foreign languages must be translated into Turkish and notarized before submission. Required documents for Turkey company formation will be explained in the followed section.

Payment of Competition Authority Share and Cash Capital

Another process that needs to be completed in order to establish a company in Turkey is to deposit 0.04% of the Company’s capital into the Competition Authority bank account as “Competition Board Share”. This Turkey company formation amount can be paid at the trade registry directorate with other legal transactions. In addition, at least 25% of the shares committed in cash in joint stock companies must be deposited into a bank account opened in the name of the company before the company registration.

Application to the Trade Registry Directorate

For Turkey company formation, company founders must apply to the registry office with the required documents. The registration process is completed by the trade registry directorate. In addition, in the establishment of joint stock and limited companies and cooperatives, the commercial books they will keep are approved by the trade registry directorate and given to the person concerned after registration. It is also possible to carry out company establishment transactions through a representative.

Required Documents for Turkey Company Formation

The documents required for the Turkey company formation types included in the Turkish Commercial Code differ according to each company type. For documents other than common documents, you can check the guide published by the Turkish Ministry of Commerce. The documents to be submitted for Turkey company formation are as follows:

  • 4 copies of the company contract signed by all the founders at the notary
  • Passport copy of each shareholder
  • Company’s activity certificate
  • Member of the company’s board of directors
  • Notarized signature statements

Company Formation in Turkey Cost

Company formation in Turkey cost is one of the most frequently asked questions. There is no fixed amount in this regard. Different amounts are determined for each type of company. Sole proprietorships can be established at much less cost than capital companies. A certain amount of money is also required for the establishment of capital companies.

In order to establish a limited company, it is necessary to have a capital of 10.000 Turkish Liras. In addition, the fees for the procedures to be done for the establishment of the company must also be paid. In addition to all these, corporate tax must also be paid.

In the establishment of a joint stock company, the required capital is 50.000 TL. There must be a capital greater than this amount. And similar to other types of companies, the costs of the procedures to be done in company formation and the corporate tax must be paid.

For detailed information on the company formation in Turkey cost, you can contact Topo Law Firm’s lawyers who are experts in corporate and commercial law.

FAQ About Company Formation Turkey

  1. Can foreigners open a company in Turkey?

Yes, there is no restriction for foreigners to open a company in Turkey. They can open a company like Turkish citizens.

  1. Is Turkey good for starting a business?

Turkey’s geopolitical position, advanced technology, economy, large trade volume are extremely suitable for people who want to open a company in Turkey.

  1. How much does it cost to set up a company in Turkey? How much company formation in Turkey cost?

The fees to be paid Turkey company formation differ according to the types of companies. You can contact us for detailed information on the subject.